Freindship In All The Pretty Horses Essay Example For Students

Freindship In All The Pretty Horses Essay During adolescence, friends bring an intimate quality of support that cant be provided by any adult. In the novel All the Pretty Horses, by Cormac McCarthy, John Grady Cole and Lacey Rawlins illustrate characteristics of a typically strong and supportive friendship but at some points also show some weaknesses. One prominent point in the novel where a good friendship is needed is at the jail. At a point when a person is faced with fear and death all around, they need a good friend they can trust and have watch their back. They are both constantly attacked, and eventually are severely hurt. Even though they are potentially on their deathbed, they are both worried about the other. This shows the strong friendship that existed between the two. The ultimate friendship is when two people have the connection that exists between family members, when they would fight to the death for the other. While John Grady Cole and Lacey have proven they have a strong friendship, Lacey proves that this extreme friendship doesnt exist yet when he decides to leave John and go home. Almost all the readers can understand his actions. The two already went through a lot more then they expected, and Lacey had his life put on the line by Johns actions. So his actions arent exactly selfishness, but more of self-preservation. Nevertheless he is taking the chance of never seeing his friend again, which is clearly showing a blemish between the twos tie. Friends can share a lot of memories and help each other in time of need, but the majority of friendship are not perfect and do have weak points

Obama Care Pros and Cons free essay sample

Tens of millions of uninsured will get access to affordable quality health insurance through the marketplace. In order to get the money to help insure tens of millions there are new taxes, mostly on high-earners. The taxes that may affect you directly are the individual mandate and employer mandate. Over half of uninsured Americans can get free or low cost health insurance using their States Health Insurance Marketplace The individual mandate says you have to obtain health coverage by January 2014, get an exemption or pay a fee if you can afford it. Medicaid is expanded up to 15.9 million men, women and children below 138% of the poverty level. Medicaid is expanded using Federal and State funding. Not all States have to expand Medicaid. CHIP is expanded to cover up to 9 million children. CHIP also uses Federal and State funding. You cant be dropped from coverage when you get sick or make an honest mistake on your application. You also cant be denied coverage or treatment for being sick or charged more for being sick. You cant be charged more for being a woman either. Insurance companies must cover sick people and this increases the cost of everyones insurance. Small businesses can get tax credits for up to 50% of their employees health insurance premium costs. The employer mandate says that in 2015 businesses with over the equivalent of 50 full-time employees must provide health coverage. In anticipation some businesses have cut employee hours. Young Adults can stay on parents plan until 26. 82% of uninsured adults will qualify for free or low cost insurance. Young people tend to be healthy and not to need coverage as often as older Americans. Medicare is improved for Seniors including eliminating the donut hole, keeping rates down and expanding free preventive services. Some Medicare payments to doctors and hospitals have been limited. (Medicare pays doctors more than any other type of coverage and the rates have led to very complex problems that are driving the costs of health care up for everyone). All coverage starting after 2014 must include new preventative services and essential health benefits. Insurance premiums have increased  due to insurers having to provide covered services. ObamaCare helps to curb the growth in healthcare spending. ObamaCare focuses more on making sure people are covered than it does on addressing the cost of care in the first place. Average American The Average American (those making under 400% FLP) will most likely see a reduction in their insurance premiums and 30 of the 44 million without insurance will gain access coverage via the ObamaCare exchanges, Medicare or Medicaid. ObamaCare offers a number of protections and benefits to all Americans. Beyond the 10 essential health benefits mandated by ObamaCare, additional benefits range from chipping away at pre-existing conditions to expanding health services. Overall, the quality of health care is increased, while the cost, in theory, will be reduced. Middle income Americans (those making between 133% 400% of the federal poverty level), and employees will be able to use tax credits and out-of-pocket subsidies on theexchanges to save up to 60% of the current cost of premiums making insurance affordable for up to 23 million Americans. Affordable insurance is defined as costing less than 8% of your annual income. Tax credits cap cost at 9.5% for sliver plan for those making between 300 400% FPL. One of the cons of ObamaCare is that since many Americans work for larger employers, some employees may have the new costs involved with insuring their workforce passed onto them. Other workers will see a decrease in quality of plans offered by employers, to avoid the employer paying a excise tax on high-end health insurance plans. These cons will affect less than 1% of businesses, and only a small fraction will deal with the new challenges by cutting worker hours and benefits or not hiring new workers. When it comes to women, ObamaCare offers many pros and few cons. 47 million women will gain access to womens health services, including preventive and wellness services. Many of ObamaCares new benefits for women are required by law to have no out of pocket payments. There arent many cons for women beyond those of the Average American, however there is the issue of contraception and its availability. ObamaCare expands contraception coverage but this mandate is one of the most contested  aspects of the new health care bill and can easily be seen as a con depending on ones viewpoint. Essay The Obama health care legislation known as the Affordable Care Act (also known as Obamacare) has received mixed reviews over the last couple years. On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act into law, putting in place comprehensive reforms that improve access to affordable health coverage for everyone and protect consumers from abusive insurance company practices (Health Reform in Action, 2012). Many people dislike the idea of Obamacare because of misinformation obtained from the press, political candidates and by those who refuse to seek the information themselves and go on hearsay. The new health reform law provides security to the hardworking citizens of the United States. Obamacare holds insurance companies accountable, lowers health care costs, gives Americans more freedom and control in their health care choices and improves the quality of care (Health Reform in Action, 2012). With Obamacare, insurance agencies cannot create limits on care and the yearly limits will no longer exist in a couple of years. More than 5.1 million people on Medicare have saved over $3.1 billion on prescription drugs, including a one-time $250 rebate check to seniors who fell into the prescription coverage gap or â€Å"donut hole† in 2010, and a 50% discount on brand-name drugs worth an average of $604 per person in 2011 (Health Reform in Action, 2012). In every state and for the first time ever, insurance companies must publicly justify their actions if they want to raise rates by 10% or more and more states have the authority to reject unreasonable premium increases (Health Reform in Action, 2012). President Obama has stated on several occasions that the new health legislation would start out slow but pick up over time to compensate for the initial loss. Advocating for health care will ensure that American citizens 1. ACA allows young Americans to stay on their parents’ insurance plans Because of ObamaCare, which allows kids to stay on their parents insurance plans until age 26, 3.4 million young Americans now have coverage. The percentage of uninsured young people (ages 19 to 25) fell accordingly,  from 48% in 2010 to 21% in 2012. According to polling, three-in-four Americans support this part of the Affordable Care Act including, yes, over two-thirds of Republicans. 2. ACA bans insurance companies from denying coverage for pre-existing conditions Another aspect of ObamaCare that has already taken effect is the ban on insurance companies denying coverage to patients based on pre-existing conditions. That means an end to insurance company horror stories like four-month-old Alex Lange being denied health insurance because he was too chubby. This is why the conservative allegation about death panels is so ironic; while the actual ACA law does not contain death panels or anything remotely like them, the fact is that prior to ObamaCare, insurance companies were effectively operating like death panels in denying life-saving coverage to anyone with a pre-existing condition and by applying life-time spending caps on coverage. The ban on pre-existing condition limits, which will apply to every single American by 2014, is supported by 83% of Americans. 3. ACA offers tax credits to small businesses to buy insurance The Affordable Care Act expands tax credits to help small businesses provide health insurance to their workers. Companies with fewer than 50 employees do not have to provide insurance, but even for these businesses, ObamaCare will make it easier and cheaper if they choose to do so. According to polling, 88% of Americans think these small business tax credits are great, including — wait for it yes, 83% of Republicans. That’s right, over eight-in-ten Republicans support the provision of ObamaCare that helps small businesses afford and expand their health insurance offerings to employees. 4. ACA requires companies with more than 50 employees to provide health insurance Over 96% of companies with more than 50 employees already provide health insurance to their employees. And contrary to Republicans claiming otherwise, studies show the vast majority of those employers do not plan to drop or reduce that coverage because of ObamaCare. Also, there is no evidence that ObamaCare has led to companies slashing full-time workers. In fact, since ObamaCare passed in March 2010, over 90% of the gain in employment has been full-time positions. Still, we know that companies that can afford to provide health insurance to their workers and yet fail to do so off-set the costs of care onto the rest of us — whether the cost of emergency room treatment that gets passed on to other consumers, or Medicaid  coverage that we pay for as taxpayers. In Florida alone, more than 50,000 workers at companies like McDonald’s and Burger King are on the state’s Medicaid rolls. Especially with tax credits available to small businesses, there is no excuse for companies to pass the buck. And 75% of Americanssupport this element of ObamaCare. 5. ACA provides subsidies to help individuals afford coverage Many of the 45 million Americans who lack health insurance simply don’t have enough money to afford coverage. ObamaCare will lower the cost of premiums but also provide subsidies to help low- and middle-income Americans purchase insurance. Americans who earn $45,000 per year (about 400% of the federal poverty level) wi ll qualify for some form of subsidy. The amount of the subsidy will be based on income as well as the cost of health coverage in a particular state but, for instance, according to a subsidy calculator created by the Kaiser Family Foundation, a 27-year-old living in Houston, Texas, who earns just $15,000 a year could sign-up for a mid-level plan for about $300 per year with the help of subsidies. Without subsidies, that plan would cost $2,400 per year. The few Americans who think subsidizing care is a bad idea should, again, note that we already subsidize health care to a far greater degree in the form of Medicaid and also when the uninsured rely on free emergency room care and pass those astronomical costs on to the rest of us. But most Americans — 76% to be exact — support the individual subsidy. That includes 61% of Republicans. There’s even more aspects of ObamaCare that the American people already support — including the employer mandate, the increased Medicare payroll tax on higher-income Americans and the expansion of Medicaid. And then, starting October 1, here’s one more: 6. State-based health insurance exchanges Americans of all political stripes like choice and competition, which is precisely what the ObamaCare health insurance exchanges will create. So it’s no wonder that 80% of Americans — including 72% of Republicans — support the health insurance exchange program in ObamaCare. And that’s even before the exchanges have taken effect! Plus, a new report shows that health insurance premiums will beeven lower under ObamaCare than originally projected. Personally, as someone who pays through the nose for individual insurance in New York State — a state where, historically, few individual  insurance options have even been available — I can’t wait to enroll in ObamaCare and see my premiums plummet, as they are expected to by at least 50%. Again, all this is why Republicans are in such a desperate rush to try and defund ObamaCare before October 1 — even if it means holding our economy hostage and even if most voters, including Republicans ,oppose the repeated and wasteful defunding attempts. After all, the law is already popular when it’s not fully in effect and most people haven’t felt its benefits. We all know what will happen when ObamaCare takes effect — and works! Republicans who are throwing temper tantrums over sour grapes need to grow up. Congress passed the Affordable Care Act, President Obama signed it into law and the Supreme Court upheld its constitutionality. The cost of doing nothing on health care reform was too great and the cost of repeatedly refighting the political battles of the past is obscene. But then again, it makes perfect sense why Republicans refuse to just give up and shut up — because the minute they do, there will be no more distractions from all the good things about ObamaCare. Three years ago when I was shopping for insurance, there weren’t that many options to choose from. And the plan I ended up with is expensive and, to put it bluntly, crappy. Currently, I pay $965 per month for family coverage that includes: †¢ a whopping $7,000 deductible; †¢ $36,000 out-of-pocket max per year; †¢ an annual coverage limit of $2,000,000; †¢ a $35 co-pay for doctor’s visits ($55 for specialists); and †¢ a $15 co-pay for generic prescriptions. All this plus the plan has very limited out-of-network coverage that, I found out the hard way, is subject to such a gauntlet of procedural hurdles that my family has spent thousands of dollars in so-far-unreimbursed out-of-network expenses. I’m not going to tell you who my current provider is, though I’m inclined to purely out of loathing and spite. But for the record, for over a year I paid for their version of â€Å"gold† coverage that had a $3,000 deductible, only a $25 doctor’s co-pay and a $6,000 out-of-pocket max. But that plan didn’t process any of my reimbursements either and cost a whopping $1,687 per month. That’s over $20,000 per year! You can see why, regardless of what party I vote for, I was excited to have some more  affordable options. So I logged onto the New York State health insurance exchange website. Yeah, I had a few false starts — the website was down a lot early on either because of service glitches or overwhelming traffic. For a few days, I couldn’t do anything at all on the website. Then for a day or so I could â€Å"log-in† but not complete registration. And then for a day, I could answer the questions to complete my registration but not actually complete the process. On one occasion, I got so frustrated at the stalled exchange website that I actually shook my computer. Not pleasant. But finally, early on the first Saturday morning following the launch of the exchange site — probably because the rest of the state (unlike my five-year-old) was still asleep I was able to log-in and complete my registration and check out all my options for insurance. There were literally 50 plans that were better than my current insurance both with lower premiums, lower out-of-pocket costs and better coverage. And there were ten plans with a higher premium than my current insurance, but with lower deductibles. So and here’s an important point the reason that more people haven’t signed up for coverage yet is probably that, just like me, they needed to take some time (and first, find some time!) to weigh all the options. While the exchange site was user-friendly and explained my options in a clear and simple way, picking an insurance plan isn’t exactly like ordering a hamburger. It took a minute to find my calculator and think about the options. Within a week, I had settled on a â€Å"gold† plan offered by Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield. The plan includes: †¢ a $2,000 total deductible; †¢ an out-of-pocket max of $12,500 for the year; †¢ a $30 co-pay for visits to our primary care doctor; †¢ a $15 co-pay for generic prescriptions; †¢ NO annual coverage limit — because that’s now prohibited thanks to the Affordable Care Act; plus †¢ an added bonus: the plan I selected includes child dental. This option will cost my family $931 per month — $408 per year less than my previous crappy plan and a $5,000 savings in deductibles. A big win for me and my family financially and in terms of what’s covered. Plus in the past, I spent several days looking for and comparing insurance  options. Under ObamaCare, even with the slow and sticky website, I spent a total of four hours — to save over $5,400. That kind of return on investment would make Warren Buffett drool. Counter to wild stories about the government taking over health care, the exchange was simply a public portal to a range of all-private insurance options. I went with a â€Å"gold† plan for lower deductible and out-of-pocket costs. And I chose Blue Cross Blue Shield because my current primary doctor is in-network. But one of the most exciting things is the new companies providing private insurance through the exchange; I’ll be watching the reviews over the next year and might change plans when re-enrollment comes around. As of October 20, the Associated Press reported that 476,000 Americans had filled out insurance applications through the federal and state exchanges. Not bad, considering the poor performance of the sign-up websites. But it’s only been 20 days since the exchanges launched, and folks have 60 more days (through December 15) to sign up for coverage to take effect on January 1, 2014. And people have 60 days after that (February 15) before the individual mandate penalty kicks in. In other words, there’s still plenty of time to fix the websites and for more Americans to enroll — and save. Meanwhile, we know that in a state like Oregon, ObamaCare has already reduced the number of uninsured individuals by 10%. Glitches aside, that’s a great start. We’ve suffered through four years of outlandish attacks against ObamaCare that it will kill our grandmothers, or at least just kill our economy. But the fact is that ObamaCare has created a private marketplace so that millions of American families like mine can get affordable, quality health insurance while keeping more of our hard-earned money. Ideologues may not like ObamaCare, but my wallet and my family’s health su re do.

Scholarships Essay Questions Sample - Create Your Own Questions

Scholarships Essay Questions Sample - Create Your Own QuestionsScholarships essay questions sample is a resource which can help you to come up with original and compelling questions to ask your student during the interview. These are also questions that you can relate to your own qualifications. Since these types of questions will take some time to formulate, it is important that you prepare yourself beforehand so that you can avoid any pitfalls and get through the interview without much difficulty.For example, if you have never thought about writing an essay of this type before, you will be well advised to read up on the questions which already exist in the market. Even if the questions do not really answer your questions, they can still give you a general idea about the questions which might apply to your candidacy. You can then apply the ideas and apply them to the situation as well as applying the format in a way that will make the questions sound as though they are coming straig ht from you.The actual task of coming up with a good question will be easier than you think. Just make sure that you find a topic which is within your area of expertise and one which are more familiar to you than others in the interview. Of course, you will also need to think about how it relates to your subject.Once you have a subject, it is best to actually create the specific questions to ask to yourself before you even start thinking about the main question. This will help you come up with an original and compelling set of questions to ask your student at the time of interview.Before you can come up with your original questions, you will need to think about the following questions which you need to consider. The questions will require you to think about the questions that you have about a particular student when they apply for a scholarship in your particular field.A good question would be whether or not they had experience working in their field of choice before, whether they h ave worked with people that were in a similar position or if they had not. It is very important that you give your student a sense of belongingness as well as making them feel like they are an integral part of your organization.Another question that you can consider is whether they had worked with a different type of student or a different type of subject. It is important that they understand that while they are applying for scholarships for students of a specific type of industry, they may need to experience different types of students in order to see if they are suited to working in your industry.There are plenty of questions that you can ask your student. Just make sure that you base your questions on the application you are going to fill out and ensure that you stay true to the general subject of the scholarship. As long as you do all this, you should be able to land yourself a scholarship.

Prostate Cancer Essays - Prostate Cancer, RTT, Histopathology

Prostate Cancer Prostate cancer is a common form of cancer that has affected most every man whether he knows it or not. There are many factors and risks that can lead to this deadly cancer. With the help of highly trained docters,fatalities can be can be lowered,yet sometimes things still happen. Prostate cancer is the cancer of the male reproductive organ.The prostate make prosthetic fluid.The prostate also forms semen,but the most important function of the prostate is to regulate the acidity of the semen. Cancer is the collection of abnormal cells that have forgotten how to die. Cancer cells unlike normal cells can not die. One way to find out if you have the cancer or if you do not have the cancer is called a prostate exam. The exam is basically a feel of the back wall of the prostate gland. What the doctor is trying to feel for is any hard nodules, lumps or irregularities. You shouldn't have to have a annual exam, but it just depends how experienced your doctor is. If the doctor finds an irregularity, u shouldn't wait for it to change. When you are a child your prostate is about the size of a pea.The body begins to make large amounts of male hormones during puberty causing the prostate to grow rapidly.About ninety five percent of the hormone is produced by the testicles.Once your prostate has reached normal size it stops growing until u have reached your sixties or seventys.This slow increase leads to the condition called bengign prosthetic hyperplasia.This is rarely a threat to your health ,but it can me extremely uncomfortable. There are many stages of prostate cancer,early stages and late stages.The classic stages are A,B,C and D. The a stage consist of cancer found incidentally or because of elevated PSA. The b stage of cancer is made up of cancer found because of abnormal digital rectal exam; cancer confined to prostate. The C cancer is cancer spread to tissues outside of the prostate. Finally the D cancer is cancer that has spread to lymph nodes or the bone. It is better to have one degree than the other.?It is always better to have a smallvolume,low grade tumor than a lager,high-grade cancer?says Dr. Sheldon Marks book Prostate and Cancer. There is a unique feature of cancer cells. Cancer cells have the ability to detach theirselves from their original site and move to other parts of the body.This is a process that is just recently beginning to be understood. Under normal circumstances prostate cell is confined to the prostate,but when the cell becomes cancerous it is able to leave its birthplace and take up residence in other parts of the body. ?This ability to shed celled and establish satellite or daughter cancer colonies in other parts of the body is known as the process of metastasis? says Dr.Marc B. Garnick's book The Patients Guide to Prostate Cancer. As I just discussed cancer cell have the potential to spread throughout the body. When prostate cancer is in early stages it is confined within the prostate. It is in these early stages when prostate cancer is curable. As the cancer grows it heads towards the edge of the prostate. If it has enough time it can grow through the outer edge of the prostate . This is called the prostate capsule.? This is known as ?extra capsular extension? says Dr.Kent Wallner's book Prostate Cancer. Prostate cancer is either curable or incurable. The way you can tell if the cancer is curable is if the cancer is still confined . If the cancer is still confined in the ate it is considered curable. Prostate cancer that has metastasized to the lymph nodes or to the bones is considered incurable. This means if the cancer has spread outside the prostate and infected these parts it is incurable. There are six major treatments for curing prostate cancer. The first treatment is called cryosurgery. Cryosurgery is the freezing of the prostate gland. The second major treatment is seed implantation. This is simply placing radioactive seeds in the prostate gland. The third major treatment is hypothermia. Hypothermia is when heat is applied to the prostate gland,and this will shrink the cancer. This will eventually destroy the cancer. The fourth major treatment is Radical prostatectomy. This is the sergical removel of the cancerous prostate gland. The fifth mahor treatment is called external beam radiation therapy. This is when the prostate is shot at by beams of focused x-rays. The purpose of this is to shrink the cancer infected cells. The sixth and last major treatment is the Bilateral orchiectomy. This is the surgical removel of the testes

How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice Essay Example

How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice Essay The theme of bonds and promises referred to in the above question plays a key role in the The Merchant of Venice. It is play concerning the conflict and the legal bond between Antonio and Shylock as the main focus. Antonio, the merchant of Venice, is a generous man who promises to pay Shylock the money borrowed by his fellow friend Bassanio or else allow Shylock to cut off a pound of his flesh. Shylock, the moneylender, is despised because of his greed and also because he is a Jew. He is Antonios rival, and when the money he lent to Bassanio is not repaid he demands the pound of flesh that Antonio promised as a forfeit. This promise is written in a legally binding bond to which Shylock has every right to claim. We will now examine the outcomes from the promises in more detail. In Act 1 Scene 1 we meet Antonios closest friend, Bassanio, who he admits spending a great deal of money and tries to seek even more so that he can visit Portia, a rich heiress that he is in love with. We discover that there is friendship, loyalty, and trust between Antonio and Bassanio as they converse with one another: My purse, my person, my extremest means, We will write a custom essay sample on How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How important are bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lie all unlockd to your occasions. This tells us that Bassanio is able to confide in Antonio, showing a stable friendship. In this extract Antonio seems to be the dominant figure out of the two. However as we read on, we discover that there is a shift in power: Then do but say to me what I should do That in your knowledge may by me be done, And I am prest unto it: therefore speak. This proves significant to the bond they have between them as it also shows that they have a balanced relationship. It is also effective in terms of informing the audience that their friendship is impenetrable. Further into The Merchant of Venice the conflict between Antonio and Shylock becomes evident. This plays an important role in the exchange of money as Antonio mentions that it is better to lend money to an enemy rather than a friend. As there will be no compassion to the enemy if the money cannot be repaid: But lend it rather to thine enemy; Who if he break, thou mayst with better face Exact the penalty. This initiates Shylocks idea for the penalty of a pound of Antonios flesh, to which it will be written in the physical, law-enforcing bond: Your single bond; and, in a merry sport Be nominated for an equal pound Of your fair flesh Shakespeare uses humorous language to portray this idea which ironically contrasts to the uneasy atmosphere for Antonio. It proves effective as the audience is unsure of whether Shylock meant for the idea of the penalty of the pound of flesh seriously or not. Either way Antonio agrees and seals this contract making it an unbreakable bond: Yes. Shylock, I will seal unto this bond As a general principle, Antonio neither lends nor borrows but in this case he makes an exception for Bassanio. This shows that Antonio is prepared to break one of his principles for him: Yet to supply the ripe wants of my friend, Ill break a custom. Again we see Bassanios loyalty as he refuses to allow Antonio to agree to this dangerous want from Shylock: You shall not seal to such for me: Ill rather dwell in my necessity. Subsequently Antonio and Bassanios bond is fortified showing the importance of relationships in The Merchant of Venice. Shakespeare has used the repetition of friendship and loyalty to emphasise the bond that the two friends have, proving its significance to the themes of bonds and promises. Not only is this platonic bonds between Antonio and Bassanio, there is also a father and daughter bond between Portia and her long gone father. Portia, a rich heiress that Bassanio has fallen in love with, has no choice about who she can marry. Before her father died, he left her his will being that her future husband would need to pass a series of riddles in order to gain her hand in marriage. Even though she does not agree with this system she is loyal to him and obeys his will, verifying the strong bond they have between the two: But this reasoning is not in the fashion to choose me a husband so is the will of a living daughter curbed by the will of a dead father. This bond is further reinforced when Bassanio arrives to challenge the riddles. Portia seems anxious and tries to persuade him to wait a few days before making his decision as she is in desperation for him to make the correct choice. However she withdraws herself from telling him the correct casket which shows significance to the theme of bonds as she still holds great respect for her father: I could tech you How to chose right, but then I am forsworn; As he chooses the correct casket the, bonds and the audience senses promises that are to be made within their marriage. This is important to above question as the theme of love is interlocked with the theme of bonds. Not only is there is idea of exchanges in their spiritual bond, but their love is also expressed symbolically by a ring: I give them with this ring; Which when you part from, lose, or give away, Let it presage the ruin of your love, And be my vantage to exclaim you. From this, the audience can deduce that bond between Bassanio and Portia has some sort of physicality to it. This plays an important role in promises within the marriage as it is a tradition to have the exchange of rings, thus reinforcing the theme of bonds and promises in The Merchant of Venice. However this ring doesnt necessarily prove their true love to one another as later in the play Bassanio gives the ring away to a lawyer. To Bassanios unawareness, the lawyer is a disguised Portia. Portia tests Bassanios loyalty to her and asks for the ring as a thank you gift. Bassanio is reluctant to grant this want so Portia leaves; knowing that Bassanio has done right. Through when he has left the scene, Antonio gains success in persuading Bassanio to bestow the ring to the lawyer and Bassanio ruches off to do so. Even though Bassanio has broken this physical bond, the spiritual bond between him and his wife hasnt disappeared. He later confesses to Portia that he has given away the ring and explains why. Bassanio then asks for forgiveness to regain her trust: Pardon this fault, and by my soul I swear I never more will break an oath with thee The effect of this is that it shows the audience and themselves that the bond between them is reinforced and of great importance. It is a key role not only to the theme of bonds and promises but also to the theme of love. The other love theme that links in with the theme of bonds and promises is when Jessica elopes with Lorenzo. This shows that Jessica has chosen to break the relationship she had with Shylock for the relationship that she has for Lorenzo. The idea is significant in The Merchant of Venice as it may give an extension to the idea of how living with Shylock may have been like: Our house is hell This contrasts with the bond of loyalty between Portia and her father. Most importantly there is the bond in which Antonio has agreed to. This can be classed as the main focus in the play. In the trial scene of The Merchant of Venice, Shylock heavily demands this penalty that Antonio has agreed to. It is seen that the Duke has sympathy for Antonio using a demanding tone to try and persuade Shylock to discharge the bond, however he is unsuccessful and Shylock is unmoved: And by our holy Sabbath have I sworn To have the due and forfeit of my bond: Because of this contract, Shylocks stubbornness and strong-will surfaces, thus emphasising the importance of bonds in this play. Not only do we see Shylock in possession of these characteristics but one can also see that he is a smart man as he admits that his want for the bond is irrational and emotional: just as some people hate cats, or the sound of bagpipes. He cleverly justifies his this by using the following examples: Some, that are mad if they behold a cat; And others, when the bagpipe sings Master of passion, sways it to the mood Of what it likes, or loathes. The theme of this bond may be compared to a catalyst in a reaction as it seems to increase the pace of tension and suspense for the audience. It has also enabled Shylock to put through his opinions and to allow the people in the courtroom to acknowledge. Further on in the scene we see his demands for his bond, Antonios pound of flesh, becoming stronger and more dominant: I would have my bond. Again one can see the knowledge that Shylock possesses as he describes that if this contract is dismissed or changed, the legal system in Venice will take a sudden downfall and also many more exceptions would have to be made if this one is to be made as well: Is dearly bought; tis mine and I will have it. If you deny me, fie upon your law! Again we see the strong demand of Shylock as he is confident that he should get his bond. Shakespeare has heavily concentrated on this aspect of the bond that the audience is drawn in closer to the story as they are held in suspense. Not only do we see the legal bond in this scene but the bond between Antonio and Bassanio. The loyalty that Bassanio has for Antonio is great as he offers to pay Shylock double the amount that was lent, and even allow the latter to have his own flesh and blood: The Jew shall have my flesh, blood, bones, and all, Again this can be related back to the idea of bonds and promises as it shows that a physical bond doesnt have to exist in order to show the strength of a relationship. As the trial scene continues Portia, disguised as a lawyer, has enabled herself to go by a strategy where the contract for Antonios pound of flesh can be discharged. And in the end, is was not Antonio who lost, but it was Shylock as he was forced to surrender his money and be forced to convert into a Christian. This harsh result could be said to have come from the story line concerning the bond. This devastating point for Shylock may have kept the audience keen, and as a result it shows that the importance of bonds and promises play a key role in The Merchant of Venice.

Analysis of European Literature essays

Analysis of European Literature essays In a world in which lives are shaped by unalterable choices and by accidental events, a world in which everything occurs but once, existence seems to lose its substance, its weight. Hence, we feel "the unbearable lightness of being" not only as the consequence of our private actions, but also in the public sphere, and the two inevitably intertwine. The novel revolves around the idea of eternal return. A woman would rather be burdened by the pains a man brings her than to live without any burden at all due to the absense of love. The heaviest of burdens is an image of life's most intense fulfillment. Having completely no burden would be considered an illusion if ever it's possible. The absolute absence of burden causes man to be lighter than air, take leave of the earth, and become only half real; his movements are free as they are insignificant. All throughout the story, Tereza struggles to win Tomas' heart completely without having to share it with anyone else and Toma! s struggles to overcome his fear and desire of women, which results in his continuous infidelities. The novel essentially is about philosophy and relationships. It is about how concepts come to mean different things to each of us and about the difficulty of really connecting with another human being, all set under the shadow of the communist government in Czechoslovakia. ...

Dehydration Reaction Definition in Chemistry

Dehydration Reaction Definition in Chemistry A dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction between two compounds where one of the products is water. For example, two monomers may react where a hydrogen (H) from one monomer binds to a hydroxyl group (OH) from the other monomer to form a dimer and a water molecule (H2O). The hydroxyl group is a poor leaving group, so Bronsted acid catalysts may be used to help to protonate the hydroxyl to form -OH2. The reverse reaction, where water combines with hydroxyl groups, is termed hydrolysis or a hydration reaction. Chemicals commonly used as dehydrating agents include concentrated phosphoric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, hot ceramic and hot aluminum oxide. A dehydration reaction is the same as a dehydration synthesis.  A dehydration reaction may also be known as a  condensation reaction, but more properly, a dehydration reaction is a specific type of condensation reaction. Dehydration Reaction Examples Reactions that produce acid anhydrides are dehydration reactions. For example acetic acid (CH3COOH) forms acetic anhydride ((CH3CO)2O) and water by the dehydration reaction2 CH3COOH → (CH3CO)2O H2ODehydration reactions are also involved in the production of many polymers. Other examples include: Conversion of alcohols to ethers (2 R-OH → R-O-R H2O)Conversion of alcohols to alkenes (R-CH2-CHOH-R → R-CHCH-R H2O)Conversion of amides to nitriles (RCONH2  Ã¢â€ â€™ R-CN H2O)Dienol benzene rearrangementthe reaction of sucrose with concentrated sulfuric acid (a popular chemistry demonstration)