Influences of Hip Hop on Today’s Generation Rising Deviance

Audrey Vertovec May 15, 2010 Cultural Analysis Essay Influences of Hip Hop on Today’s Generation: Rising Deviance Hip-hop is a popular form of music in today’s mainstream culture. In its first realm it appeared in forms of jazz as a verse style capturing the absence of melody, but has since evolved into a form of capitalizing egoism through criminal references. Therefore, deviance within youth in society is rising thanks to hip-hop music and the trends it provokes. Throughout Rap’s history, artists have depicted a lifestyle of drugs and violence along with instances of drug use, aggression and sexism, which is being passed onto listeners, who are mainly young people. These young people view successful artists as major†¦show more content†¦The chorus alone repeats the phrase â€Å"Oh yes I love her like p****, money, weed†, 36 times throughout the song. Topics of this song demoralize women and present them as objects to be obtained on the road to ‘success’ as defined by the artists’ lifestyle. Recently Kid Cudi came in to the music s cene singing about topics related to drugs and sexism. His 2009 release of Pursuit of Happiness begins †Crush a bit, lil’ bit, roll it up, take a hit; Feelin’ lit feelin’ light, 2 a.m. summer night; I don’t care, hand on the wheel driving drunk I’m doin’ my thang...† This verse alone promotes habitual drug use and driving under the influence which sets a bad example to impressionable youths. Over the long history of the rap and hip-hop genres, lyrics have become more and more violent while the artists have become more successful. In reference to the song â€Å"Juicy†, Notorious B.I.G. started off as being poor and a deviant youth but worked his way up to successful artist. Youths of our society see his and many other artists’ actions as the correct way to obtain success, and therefore have become more violent and felonious. Rap music presents several themes that promote negative activities such as drug use, violence , and misogyny. Through promoting these themes, young people see them as positive actions, resulting in success of the artists that promote these subjects. Smoking marijuana and doingShow MoreRelatedBiography of Musician Lou Reed2503 Words   |  10 Pageslisten to it.† (Rosen) This premise does not sound very avant-garde but at a time where Beatle-mania reigned supreme and 13-year-old girls’ screams overshadowed the singers on tour, this was a bold path to commence. This is something still common in today’s music (see: Justin Bieber and Will-i-am), and similarly to how alternative bands today try to handle dark themes, that only adults could understand. He believed in writing serious poetic lyrics that still were musically perfect so that the audiencesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand Moods 115 Selection 116 †¢ Decision Making 116 †¢ Cr eativity 116 †¢ Motivation 117 †¢ Leadership 117 †¢ Negotiation 117 †¢ Customer Service 118 †¢ Job Attitudes 119 †¢ Deviant Workplace Behaviors 119 †¢ Safety and Injury at Work 119 †¢ How Managers Can Influence Moods 120 Summary and Implications for Managers 121 Self-Assessment Library How Are You Feeling Right Now? 98 Self-Assessment Library What’s My Affect Intensity? 104 Myth or Science? We Are Better Judges of When Others Are Happy Than When They AreRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Building Relationships by Communicating Supportively Gaining Power and Influence 279 Motivating Others 323 Managing Conflict 373 PART III GROUP SKILLS 438 8 Empowering and Delegating 439 9 Building Effective Teams and Teamwork 489 10 Leading Positive Change 533 PART IV SPECIFIC COMMUNICATION SKILLS 590 591 Read MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesand decline thereafter. This is an example of ________ demand. A) irregular B) declining C) impulse D) latent E) negative Answer: A Page Ref: 8 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty: Moderate 13) Julia is worried about the rising pollution levels in her city. She doesnt mind paying extra for goods and services that use sustainable processes to help control pollution. This is an example of ________ for pollution. A) declining demand B) nonexistent demand C) latent demand

POL 101 Paper Rubric Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Populism Populism is a political philosophy or an ideology which compare people against the elites and urges the political and social political systems. It is the rhetorical style that is employed by political members in various social and political movements. Actually, this is a mobilization form that is devoid of its theoretical aspects. Furthermore, populism can be defined as political activities and ideas which represent the ordinary in normal manner. Therefore, it is a political discourse which appeals to the wishes and needs of the ordinary people. It can be referred to as a political discourse which appeals to the masses regardless of the political party or the class. This is the real opposite of statism which asserts that a limited group of the professional politicians who are informed than the masses and are supposed to make decisions on their behalf. It is a stand where the leaders politically mobilize the masses without considering their political parties. In terms of style, populism has squarely taken all the stands and political forms to harmonize different groups of people. Populist use in U. S has included references like powerful trial lawyer lobbying, Hollywood elites and the liberal elites. We will write a custom essay sample on POL 101 Paper Rubric or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now There is also populist popular rhetoric which includes occupancy of Wall Street Movement (Taggart 78). Populists are viewed as democratic individuals who enforce positive forces within the society. On the other hand some political scientists claim that populist movement is considered irrational which introduces instable political process in the country. These allege are not true as the modern populist movement is categorized into two main divisions. These are the political and the agrarian movements (Goodwyn 298). It is believed that populist movement can be the drivers of fascist movements. This has led to the conspiracist scapegoat that is employed by popular movements which can create a fascism seedbed. It is also believed that the national socialist populism held a meeting which facilitated fascism in the Germany interwar. During this time it is also believed that the distressed middle class people in the populist movement during the Nazi regime mobilized their issues and their anger was directed to the big business and the government. Furthermore, the Nazis took the forms and themes of the populism movement and parasitized it. The Nazis later moved their constituencies to the right in the ideological appeals which involved scapegoat, conspiracy and demagogue.

Why Stigma Is A Profound Effect On A Person Affected By...

This essay will discuss why stigma has a profound effect on a person affected by HIV/AIDS. It will first look at the definitions of stigma and explain the process and types of stigma. It will explain how people with HIV/AIDS can be affected by stigma. It will then look at the key characteristics found in stigma and explain why people with HIV/AIDS are stigmatised. It will further look at how stigma may have affected a person with HIV/AIDS in the 1980’s compared to how it may affect a person post 2000. It will explain why there may be differences between how a person with HIV/AIDS might have been stigmatised in the 1980’s and how they are stigmatised post 2000. Lastly, it will look at the potential effects of stigmatization that a person from a particular risk group with HIV/AIDS living in Asia could have compared to a person from another risk group living in the UK. The two risk groups being men who have sex with men in Asia and injection drug users in the UK. The reas ons for these differences will also be explored. According to (Jonathan Gabe, 2004) Goffman (1963) defines stigma as an attribute that is deeply discrediting and reduces the person being stigmatized from a whole person to a tainted and discounted one. He further makes a distinction between the types of stigma. Stigma of the body is what you can physically see for example a deformity on someone’s face, stigma of someone’s character which you can’t necessarily see like someone being a criminal and last beingShow MoreRelatedEarly Marriage9846 Words   |  40 Pagesreinforcing the gendered nature of poverty. Required to perform heavy amounts of domestic work, under pressure to demonstrate fertility, married girls and child mothers face constrained decision-making and reduced life choices. 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Discuss Net Present Value (NPV) Payback has certain...

INVESTMENT APPRAISAL Characteristically, a decision to invest in a capital project involves a largely irreversible commitment of resources that is generally subject to a significant degree of risk. Such decisions have far-reaching effects on a companys profitability and flexibility over the long term, thus requiring that they be part of a carefully developed strategy that is based on reliable appraisal and forecasting procedures. In order to handle these decisions, firms have to make an assessment of the size of the outflows and inflows of funds, the life span of the investment, the degree of risk attached and the cost of obtaining funds. One of the most important steps in the capital budgeting cycle is working out if the benefits of†¦show more content†¦But this WACC can change and can be subject to disagreement. The NPV calculation is only valid for the interest rate that has been used. If an organisation has appraised its capital investment proposals using an interest rate of 14% it will have a series of go or no go decisions which will only be valid for an interest rate of 14%. If the interest rate rises to 15% or falls to 13%, the decisions will no longer be valid, the calculations will have to be re-worked and new decisions taken. PAYBACK The payback period is the most widely used technique and is literally the amount of time required for the cash inflows from a capital investment project to equal the cash outflows. The usual way that firms deal with deciding between two or more competing projects is to accept the project that has the shortest payback period. Payback is often used as an initial screening method. Payback period = Initial payment / Annual cash inflow So if 4 million Euro is invested with the aim of earning 500.000 per year (net cash earnings), the payback period is calculated thus: P =Show MoreRelatedCapital Budgeting5568 Words   |  23 PagesCAPITAL BUDGETING MEANING OF CAPITAL BUDGETING Capital budgeting is the making of long term planning decision for investment fixed assets and their financing. Capital budgeting decision is concerned with current investment that will pay for itself and yield an acceptable rate of return over its life span. Hampton (1992) defines capital budgeting as the decision making process by which firms evaluate the purchase of major fixed assets, including buildings, equipment. It also covers decisions toRead MoreNet present value (NPV), payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) approaches for a project evaluation2931 Words   |  12 PagesThis essay will discuss the net present value (NPV), payback period (PBP) and internal rate of return (IRR) approaches for a project evaluation. It is often said that NPV is the best approach investment appraisal, which I why I will compare the strengths and weaknesses of NPV as well as the two others to se if the statement is actually true. Introduction To start of, the essay will attempt to explain the theoretical rationale of the net present value approach to investment appraisal as well as itsRead MoreUnit 2 Managing Financial Resources and Decisions6487 Words   |  26 Pagesï » ¿CONTENTS 1. Understanding the Sources of Finance Available to a Business Identify the sources of finance available to a business. 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Since the Answer Book is 178 pages long, colleagues may find the use of ‘short keys’ useful when searching for answers. By pressing the and keys together, you will be prompted by a pop-up menu. Type in the question number or key word(s) you are seeking answers for (e.g. ‘2.8.3’ or ‘BauschRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesauthors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issuedRead MoreProject Managemant29326 Words   |  118 Pagesimportance of initiating projects that add value to an organization 2. Discuss the background of ResNet at Northwest Airlines 3. Distinguish among the three major projects involved in ResNet 4. Appreciate the importance of top management support on ResNet 5. Discuss key decisions made early in the project by the project manager 6. Relate some of the early events in ResNet to concepts described in previous chapters 7. Discuss some of the major events early in the project that helped set the stage Read MoreCost Accounting134556 Words   |  539 PagesSolutions Manual for COST ACCOUNTING Creating Value for Management Fifth Edition MICHAEL MAHER University of California, Davis Table of Contents Chapter 1 Cost Accounting: How Managers User Cost Accounting Information Chapter 15 Using Differential Analysis for Production Decisions Chapter 2 Cost Concepts and Behaviour Chapter 16 Managing Quality and Time Chapter 3 Cost System Design: An Overview Chapter 17 Planning and Budgeting Chapter 4 Job Costing Chapter

Organizations Steer Clear of Vendor Bribes - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Organizations Steer Clear of Vendor Bribes. Answer: Introduction: In the world of software engineering and IT, business contracts have always been seen under the risk of getting disputed and is considered as an unethical loom in public eyes. Many researchers have mentioned several ways through which condition relating disputes in IT contracts can be minimised along with ways through which it can be avoided(Maughan, 2002). Being a CEO in a medium sized software company, regular contracts and officially permitted amendments are required in order to expand business in other countries. Global expansion has never been easy in any organisation. Similarly IT sectors also have to face such conditions. While making a bid for introducing new system relating Taxes and Revenue, the agency getting bribed by other countrys government officials to win the contract cannot be taken as an ethical way to conduct business. Under the first possible scenario, taking of bribe can be considered as an advantages for the briber (here the government officials) and the Bribie. The briber bribes in order to get utmost benefits from the bribed company along with adding on additional benefits in the Bribery contract. Under these kinds of contract, both the parties involved lays down their part of requirements along with other benefits they can demand from the opposite parties. Bribie can get relieved from worrying about getting rejected. Although such agreements seem tempting, disadvantages aligned with it are also very risky. If such agreements are disclosed among other competitors or public, the bribed party are the ones who have to suffer major losses along with gaining bad reputation in professional and ethical grounds. In many countries, Bribery and Treachery laws can impose compensation and even sue the company under legal confiscation in their ethical grounds(Nichols, 2015). Under the second scenario, the situation can be tackled in more professional way by treating the bribing officials as third parties and offering gifts outside the contracting laws. In this situation, the bribing party gets their bribe but in the form of gifts. Under this situation no contract is made and thus involvement of giving and taking bribe remains outside the business. Such state of affairs are taking place highly in todays competitive world where sustaining only with quality service have become very difficult. Disadvantage related to such crime is rejection of bribed partys contract even after assuring and receiving gifts. Under such situation the bribed party has to suffer double losses i.e. one with losing the contract and other by losing money(OECD, 2007). Being a part of software IT Company who has sound ethical and professional base, the CEOs decision regarding taking of bribe will always be negative. Under no condition shall any company decide to get bribed, even if it is tempting or involved by government officials. The laws and regulations laid down in government rules and regulations do not permit anyone to get involved in unethical practices in business. Moreover, believing in companys principle and ethics is more important than selling its moral values to any foreign people(Rigdon, 2005). Therefore the best suited scenario for such situation is to reject their piece of cake and believe in own companys quality and offer. This will not only ground ethical principles in the company but also show professionalism and competent quality in CEO of the company. References: Maughan, A., 2002. 10 commandments for writing an IT contract. [Online] Available at: https://www.computerweekly.com/feature/10-commandments-for-writing-an-IT-contract [Accessed 30 March 2018]. Nichols, P.M., 2015. The Good Bribe. [Online] Available at: https://lawreview.law.ucdavis.edu/issues/49/2/Symposium/49-2_Nichols.pdf [Accessed 30 March 2018]. OECD, 2007. Bribery in Public Procurement. [Online] Available at: https://www.oecd.org/daf/anti-bribery/anti-briberyconvention/44956834.pdf [Accessed 30 March 2018]. Rigdon, J.I., 2005. Ethics Policy Can Help Organizations Steer Clear of Vendor Bribes. [Online] Available at: https://searchcio.techtarget.com/magazineContent/Ethics-Policy-Can-Help-Organizations-Steer-Clear-of-Vendor-Bribes [Accessed 30 March 2018].

Management Principles for Motivation at Hospitality-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theManagement Principles for Motivation at Hospitality. Answer: If you were interested in working in the hospitality industry, would you consider a job at Classic Hospitality? If were interested in working in the hospitality industry then I would consider a job at classic hospitality due to the following reasons; The Classic Hospitality is an organization that value so much the talent and career of the employees and they retain talents and skills in the organization because they promote employees from within. This organization tries as much as possible through good management to attract and persuade good employees. Hospitality industries are so competitive in the whole world, and classic hospitality tries to retain their employees normally through motivation. Classic Hospitality organization strives to appreciate the role of the family to their employees which is very vital. How many activities in this case can you tie into specific motivational theories? List the activities, the motivational theory, and how the activities apply. In classic hospitality, there are rules that supervisors follow in undertaking their duties especially during delegation of work and making orders where the supervisor treats the employees fairly and equally (Equity motivation theory). Equity, in this case, leads to motivation and hence quality work. The cleaning section of the classic hospitality the staff has a book recorded the performance of cleaning the rooms and managers usually refer and analyze the performance in the check book. In this case after some period when the employee has performed well, for instance, a greater percentage of good work he will be rewarded an extra pay (Reinforcement theory) (Chin, (2015)..in this case hard work results to reward. In classic hospitality in hotel sector when customers come in a high number that exceeds the targeted percentage then staff are rewarded (Need theory). In this case, discipline and hard work of staff result in more customers hence bonus. At classic hospitality, the management has a way of measuring the productivity of their product at a given period of six months to check whether the target is met or not (Expectancy theory) in this case an increased effort will result in increased outcome hence staffs are rewarded on that. Do you believe that bonus programs, such as an extra weeks pay if at least 95 percent effectiveness of a job is achieved, transportation assistance, and the like, would work in other types of jobs? If so, which ones, and why? If not, why not? Yes, I believe for the small businesses and enterprises to make a good profit should give a bonus to their employees once they have reached the expected target. For company or organization through appraisal program, they should give a bonus to their employees in order to motivate them to work hard for the benefit of the organization (Saxena,2009). Hotels can benefit so much to meet their goals through motivation by rewarding their customers bonus the good service they deliver to the restaurants. Companies need to motivate their customers; in this case, they should have something for them as a bonus for the success of the organization. At hospitals, doctors and nurses should be motivated through their hard work for example transportation assistance, especially for the administrations. Security is vital the running of any organization hence the company should give bonus for the guards and police Linking Concepts All managers should be leaders, but not all leaders should be managers. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Support your position. Yes I agree with the statement due to the following reasons; You can be in management in management team as a position or title, but it does not guarantee good leadership. Through the experience learned and spent in the field enable one to a manager of something but may not have the intelligence of being a leader (Zaccaro, (2007). A manager is entitled to manage the specific field in the company, but a leader has the experience to influence, inspire and build people up to do things. An employee in organization can have the qualities of leadership skills than managers Managers do their job at personal interest unlike leader have an active attitude towards the organization and goals Managers understands that work involve group of people and procedures to do it, but leaders take risk position and relate with in a good manner for the sake of the organization goal Charismatic leadership is always appropriate in organizations. Do you agree or disagree? Support your position. I agree Charismatic leadership organization if the members or management understands each other will be appropriate in the achieving of organization objectives (Singh,2017). Charismatic leaders help the organization in occasions of crisis though at the end they should be compensated. If the leadership is related and works together, then the goal of the organization is achieved easily. The management would value each's interested in an organization hence quality work from each member. Working in a Team Project/team The project/team: What was it? Who was involved? Volleyball members were the project. Students with volleyball talents were involved The goal: What was the goal of the team? How was the goal communicated? Was it commonly held among members of the team? The goal of the team was to nature volleyball talent in the community. The goal was being communicated through training new members who have little skills of volleyball to make them expose their capability of playing. Your role: What role did you take on? Why? Looking back, should you have taken on a different role? Explain your reasoning. In the team, I was acting as an assistant captain of the team where I was assigned a role of mobilizing and conducting physical training for the whole members every day. I was also in charge of balls that are how many balls to use in training and type of uniforms to use. I was capable of training the whole team, and I had a management skill that is why I was given those roles to play. I would not have taken on a different role because of the following reason (Donald,2013 ),; This role enables me to retain my training skills and help others to achieve the goal of the team. As a good leader, its good to associate with different people of different class and capability, in this role I was able to relate with people and this showed how effective of in my leadership. The role trained me the qualities of good leader since we were having forums of leaders Management and Motivation: What management strategies did the leader of the team use? Was it effective? How did the leader motivate the team? Did his or her strategies work for you? The leaders used the following management strategies Chin, (2015). Responsibility distribution where the leader sometimes distribute responsibilities to other members of the team for them to gain skills through practice. Being honest and open to the team. The leader was honest us as a team, and in the case of any information, he was open to reveal to members. Chance of improvement. The leader was encouraging the team in case they have failed to win since people should learn from their errors. Self-denial strategy. The leader used to give him fully to lead and manage the team denying his on duty for the sake of the team. He used to motivate the whole team through the following ways; Gifts for the whole team after winning a match Rewards for the two people who were always punctual in the field Come together party after every semester Purchase of balls from his money The above strategies were so effective for the success of our team, and it can work for me. References Chin, Roger (2015). "Examining teamwork and leadership in the fields of public administration, leadership, and management". Team Performance Management. 21 (3/4): 199. Cano, P., E., Librado F., (2010). Transformation Of An Individual Family Community Nation And The World. Trafford Publishing. p.134. Donald Markwell (2013 ), "Instincts to Lead": On Leadership, Peace, and Education, Connor Court: Australia, 2013. ISBN 9781922168702 Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E.; Ilies, R.; Gerhardt, M. W. (2007). "Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review." Journal of Applied Psychology. 87 (4): 765780. Lussier, R. N., Achua, C. F., (2010). Leadership, Theory, Application, Skill Development.(4th ed). Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Singh, Ravinder (2017). Human Behaviour. Notion Press. ISBN978-1-946983-31-2. Saxena Dr., P.K. (2009). Principles of Management, A Modern Approach. New Delhi: Global India Publications PVT LTD. p.30. ISBN978-81-907941-5-2. Zaccaro, S. J. (2007). "Trait-based perspectives of leadership." American Psychologist. 62 (1): 616. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.62.1.6. PMID17209675 Zaccaro, S. J., Gulick, L. M. V. Khare, V. P. (2008). "Personality and leadership." In C. J. Hoyt, G. R. Goethals D. R. Forsyth (Eds.), Leadership at the crossroads (Vol 1) (pp. 1329). Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.

Social influence in psychology free essay sample

Therefore, upon examination of the entities of an individuals social status can lead to the study of behavioral occurrences, like aggression and violence among children. Social influence can change an individual over time. Psychology is the cience of human and animal behavior; behavior is sometimes advert, or public (Kowalski Westen, 2009). There are many types of behavior; some patterns in lower forms described as instincts, such as a child playing with a toy. Behavior can range from simple, involuntary reflexes, and too complicated. (Bornstein et al. , 2010). Like science, finding a cause for behavior was achieved by the use of research and theories. However, research initiates with a problem that requires special attention to resolve. Aggression and Violent Behaviors Aggression is an attack or hostile action directed towards another person or thing. Aggression and violence are two forms of behavior, which are associated with one another, but do not necessarily happen at the same time. We will write a custom essay sample on Social influence in psychology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When an individual lashes out, this physical aggression is hostile aggression (Kowalski Westen, 2009, p. 643). Children react from violent acts or aggressive behavior, within society we live in aggression and violence play an important role in culture differences. To describe the content in which behavior is measured is variables. The second type of ggressive behavior that occurs within children is instrumental aggression, meaning where the persons behavior is pragmatic or calm (Kowalski Westen, 2009, p. 643). Influences on Behavior First, the association between violence and aggression at school among children shows awareness that exposed to violence within the school can influence a childs behavior. (Social Consequences Alone in Groups, 2010, p. 1). These groups have a social impact on a childs social behavior, when discussing violence. Having an understanding of how violence exposure related to children, may inform use of reventive interventions aimed at reducing violence. During a childs life, parents play an important role. Often parents look for aggressive behavior and not knowing if behavior is normal, action needs to be taken. Many parents look for clues or aggression and violence among their own children. If a parent that shows aggressive or violent behavior brings up a child, the child will follow the same footsteps later on in life. The behavior that a parent displays socially to their child becomes appropriate behavior. Nevertheless, a parent can increase a childs chances by eveloping this trait of behavior by commenting on the childs behavior. Negative comments will increase aggressive and violent behavior. Peer Group and Behavior All of these social behaviors are manipulable by changing within a group. When individuals gather groups, the fewer the number the fewer negative social comments. Social loafing and social facilitation have been linked in experiments in the past, but social loafing and deindividuation is not affiliated. Social loafing is a general finding that when people perform in groups but do less work or put less effort when working alone. There are keys elements linked to social loafing: the identifiability of participants, evaluation of performance within a group, difficulty of the task, and expectations (Arnett, 1996, Para. 2). Social behavior can influence a childs life. Social facilitation is which children perform better alone or within a small group. Children do better perform ing a single task, but performance worse in a larger group. If the child is subjected to feel uncomfortable, aggressive behavior can result. In recent years, social loafing and social facilitation were the same (Arnett, 996, Para. 4). Deindividuation is a finding that a group of individuals produces more deviant, aggressive, or sociable unacceptable behaviors. These variables involve children in-group behaviors, when left alone. A child will look at a group of individuals that they need acceptance from; the child will look for a way to be accepted. By modeling, this specific behavior within a group is using available references of the group, to distinguish behaviors. Some obvious precursors of aggression of children are which the child is being harassed or teased. These items rought on will influence the child to show violent behavior, and be aggressive towards other individuals. The social influence that a child receives affects behavior in many ways. The child may be finding difficulty in school, home, or with friends. The child will seek reinforcement, by looking to fit in a positive social group. Looking to help a child with behavior therapeutic intervention determines by how the parent feels if the childs behavior is normal and there is no sign of aggression. Social is the way an individual behaves, thinks, and feels. The roots of aggressive behavior lie in social rewards, punishments, and cognitive processes such as observational learning. The general model for aggression states that people interact with situations to determine the general output. The capacity for aggression and violence appears to be innate, but aggression and violence depend on learning and culture (Kowalski westen, 2009). Conclusion Human behavior when speaking of has factors that influence development of social behavior. Social behavior influence people, while biological traits aid to the ehavioral patterns.

When You Hear The Term Romanticism, Wouldnt You Think Of Something Th

When you hear the term Romanticism, wouldn't you think of something that has to do with romance? That is what I thought when I first heard the word, but I was foolishly mistaken. Romanticism dealt with placing central importance upon the emotions and upon the individual. This time period only lasted about thirty years but greatly changed the and influenced the country in which we live in today. In the following composition, I will discuss the ideas of Romanticism and three famous writers of this time and their distinct subjects.The United States condensed as a nation during the major cultural change distinguished by the shift from classicism to Romanticism. This change had an impact on every aspect of culture including arts, philosophy, education and science.Before all this even happened, an earlier belief known as Classicism was around. This unhealthy culture put reason as their dominating characteristic of nature and were also bound by strict unchanging laws by the government. Now, who would want to live under this dull inexpressible culture? Well, the early Puritans were part of this Age of Reason and many a good man came out of this era. Anyway, it was time for change. People wanted to start believing in themselves more and having a greater sense or nationalism. This is where Romanticism came in and replaced classicism. It was the beginning of a new era and initiated a whole new way of thinking. Romanticism basically dealt with three attitudes: Nature, the past, and the inner world of human nature. Although the early Romantic writers varied widely in the forms that they chose, these certain subjects were characteristics or Romantic attitudes.The writer who mainly told about nature was William Cullen Bryant. He became the first national spokesperson for a new religion of nature in which nature serves as a source of moral and spiritual lessons.One of his famous poems, To a Waterfowl, tells of the journey of a waterfowl during migration and relates that to the path in which we as humans take in our lives. He also incorporates some religious attitudes in his works as well and you can see this at the end of To a Waterfowl when he tells you that God will lead your steps aright Washington Irving was a fine example of telling about the past. He wrote many a folk tales.In the short story The Devil and Tom Walker he Americanizes the devil and gives him qualities that are carried on with him for generations. The last writer that I will discuss is Edgar Allen Poe. Now, he is considered to be the most influential writer/poet of this time period. Unique as they were, his thoughts and powerful writings came from his inner self. No other writer had anywhere near the imagination as this poet did. He used his dark gothic mind to create horrifying stories and poems such as The Raven. This is his most famous poem and tells of a man torturing himself on purpose by asking a raven questions he already knows the answers to. If you follow Poe's writings closely, you will see how he uses his technique to create a whole single effect, and this is what he does so gre at and is known for.When I now think of Romanticism, it gives me the feeling of freedom, and this is what the whole purpose of the Romantic period was. It changed the way people wrote from then on and also changed the whole lifestyle of man in my eyes. Maybe another revolution of such beauty as this will one day cross our eyes and we will be able to experience the radical changes and feelings as the people of this period once did.

Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay Example

Raymond Carvers Cathedral Paper Raymond Carvers Cathedral: Religious Undertones Revealed However, this epiphany was not Just about the ignorant man attaining insight, but a divine realization. In Carvers Cathedral the main character not only experiences an epiphany Into keenness. He also awakens too world of religious insight. There are several indicators that affirm this assertion. First, the title Cathedral and symbolism behind using a cathedral instead of any other place or object. The actions and dialogue throughout the story have religious undertones. Lastly, Carvers previous and succeeding works provide a foundation for the belief that Cathedral has religious internment. The title Cathedral in itself predisposes the reader to have some kind of idea that the story will pertain to religion. Before even beginning to read the story, the reader has already entered into the world of religion, faith, and Holiness. A cathedral Is a holy place where people gather to worship. This signifies unity, and having faith in something superior and larger than humanity. Carver could have used any other venue or object to serve as the item to be drawn by the characters in his story, and as the title. Besides the lucid use of the title, cathedrals are brought up during the story when the narrator and Robert are watching T. V. This sparks conversation and Robert asks the narrator if he is in any way religious. He responds, l guess I dont believe in it. In anything. Sometimes its hard. You know what Im saying? (Carver 29) The narrators answer to Roberts question proves how ignorant and unknowing he is. Writer Monroe Engel has noted, In Cathedral, starting with the title Itself, the religious context is strategic and surely highly conscious, its all a matter of negative reference. We will write a custom essay sample on Raymond Carvers Cathedral specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Raymond Carvers Cathedral specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Raymond Carvers Cathedral specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Religious allusion suggests what is missing from the life depicted. It is not part of the present context of that life. (Engel 165) Monroe demonstrates that the narrator, whom does not have any religious beliefs, sakes It known to the reader so that one can understand the realization that he has later on during the story. The narrator not only lacks the ability to express himself intelligently, but also lacks knowledge concerning transcendent matters. Carver deliberately included that conversation to foreshadow the marvel near the ending of the story. The opposing view would say that Carver was referring to a humanly awakening, and nothing more. Writer Mark Facility stated: Grace, Carver says, is 1 OFF Detested upon us Day toner mortals, Ana t I comes sensually, Orleans In circumstances as mundane as a visit to the barber hop [It is] Not Grace in the Christian sense at all, it is what grace becomes in a godless worlda deep and creative connection between humans that reveals to Carvers alienated and diminished creatures that there can be contact in a world they supposed was empty of sense or love in the cathedrals we draw together, we create large spaces for the spirit. (Worthwhile 470) I completely disagree with this acquisition, of the research that I have done on Raymond Carver, I could not find this quote in which he supposedly said these fallible remarks. If Carver were referring too humanly happening, then he would not eave repeatedly used words that have religious meaning. Grace by definition is the unmerited favor and love of God. It is impossible for a writer to make such obvious references to prayer, God, and devils without having spiritual suggestions. In addition to the title and use of the word cathedral in the title. The dialogue leads the reader to believe that there are religious elements in the story. The first instance is when the narrator, his wife, and Robert are sitting at the table, about to eat dinner. The narrator blurts out, Now let us pray. Pray the phone wont ring and the food doesnt get cold. (Carver 26) This incontestably displays that the narrator views religion, or God as a Joke. He is apparently mocking prayer, which to many believers is something holy. He has no moral values, and does not care that he is exposing his views to a stranger. Later on in the story, Carver uses more innuendos of religion. For example, when the narrator is explaining to Robert, whats happening on the T. V. Screen. The scene that is described is men wearing cowls, being tormented by men dressed up as devils, and wearing skeleton costumes. Robert comments, Skeletons, I know about skeletons. (Carver 27) This leads me to believe that Robert is alluding to his discernment of the spiritual life and death, confirming that he is wiser and enlightened, unlike the narrator. Yet once again in the short story, during conversation, the narrator speaks about God. In those olden days, when they built cathedrals, men wanted to be close to God. In those olden days, God was an important part of everyones life. You could tell this from their cathedral- building (Carver 29) By making this statement, the narrator is implying that God is no longer important to people, and that being religious is an obsolete concept. After analyzing the several examples, I assert that Carver purposefully included these lines in his short stories to associate his characters too religious meaning. He recurrently addressed the topics, of God, prayer, devils, and cathedrals in Cathedral. Geoffrey Wolff, a student of Carver made a comment in an interview that further affirmed that Carver chose these words, and dialogues carefully and purposefully. Ray believed in the power of language so profoundly, it was so sacred to him, that he understood, as few people understand, that words are loaded pistols. Sometimes to say something, to name it, is to enact it. So there were certain words he would not say. (Halter 184). It is this reverence for language, the suspicion of its mystical and incarnation power, which causes Carvers spirituality to depend largely upon ineffable encounters with nature rather than the spoken word. (Worthwhile 461) If Carver was so incredibly meticulous with choosing his words when speaking, then why would he use words in his writing such as bevels, tormenting, Go, religious, Ana prayer I en only explanation would D he was trying to convey religious and/or spiritual ideas. If he did not, then he would not have utilized those specific words. In Carvers short story Will You Please Be Quiet Please? He also uses religious connotations through an epiphany. Literary critic, Arthur Bethel elaborates: Silence does not efface Ralph; quite to the contrary, through sexual intercourse with his wife, Ralph is born a new man, a sensual man, Carver underscoring the positive nature of this development with the words marveling and stupendous. Creation can be wonderfully enormous, indeed, even religious; hence the appropriateness of Rallys bath before the sexual encounter with its baptismal annotations; the conclusions quasi biblical rhythms; and, most importantly, the echoes of the creation scene in Genesis, of Gods moving upon the face of the waters. (Bethel 133) This story is about the relationship off man and his wife. How the man views her, and his own sexuality. In the story, Ralph appears to be an outcast in the world of carnal knowledge. At the end of the story he springs to life sexually. Somehow, Carver uses everyday events and happenings to illustrate spiritual revelations. In another one of Carvers short stories, The Students Wife, there are more tinges o divinity. After a sleepless night, the young woman Nan, begins to see her surroundings from a different perspective. The sunlight is terrible, and her husband seems desperate in his sleep, the bed sheets become white grossly before her eyes. She gets down on her knees and says God, God will you help us, God? At this moment in the story she experiences an epiphany, everything around her is menacing, and seems uneasy. In a frightening and anxious moment of hopelessness, she then surrenders herself to God, and asks for his help. Carver could not have used a more clear implication. This calling onto God by Nan, is similar to the moment when Jesus cries out to his Father in his final moments of physical life. My God, why hast thou forsaken me? (Matthew 27:46) In no way can Nan, a young woman, be compared to Jesus. However, the two incidents may be associated by the desperate act of calling on God, in a moment of disparity. Several of Carvers writings include epiphanies probably due to the fact that he experienced one during his own life. After being an alcoholic, and hospitalized four times within two years, he quit drinking. This life-altering event of becoming sober apparently influenced his short stories. Carver most likely experienced an epiphany of Gods revelation in a moment of desperation, and through his characters and writing he recreated his own encounter. After analyzing Cathedral and the manner of writing and diction that Carver used, it is evident that he made religious suggestions. The title Cathedral alludes to religion, and worship. The dialogue throughout the story, which includes various words, such as God, religious, and devils, suggests a divine revelation. Quite few of Carvers other short stories have religious indications as well. The mentioned stories include Will You Please be Quite Please? and The Students Wife. Both have obvious referrals to God, and epiphanies. It is evident that Carver intentionally made these religious references in his works to signify that his seemingly simple and short stories truly convey much deeper truths. It is not difficult to realize this by reading the stories, without even having to scrutinize them. The echoing hints all prove that Carver was consciously trying to illustrate the everlasting mundane AT men seeking Works cited ten celestial.

Building Self Esteem Essay Example

Building Self Esteem Essay Example Building Self Esteem Paper Building Self Esteem Paper Building Self-esteem Abstract A lot of people suffer from the lack of self-confidence and often they don’t know the real reason. They unconsciously show this reason, low self-esteem. It’s very difficult for them to reach the goal they set and often they think the reason is their dis-abilities. They don’t trust in their skills. In reality no one is fully confident, because confidence isn’t general. You may feel confident in some field, while not in another one. So everyone needs to know the reasons and signs of lack of self-confidence, and of course ways to build self-esteem. This essay consists of all necessary information, which is necessary to struggle with this psychological problem. Building Self-esteem Nowadays, the psychological disorders and problems are main reason of discomfort while they cause a lot of other problems. It’s proved that a problem with self-esteem is most frequent. Because of no one is self-confident with 100%, everyone should work on building its own self-esteem, because if you don’t love yourself and don’t appreciate yourself properly, no one will do. Self-esteem is the opinion you have about you. Self-confidence is belief that you can achieve everything you want, you have potential of success and you trust you abilities. It’s based on the attitude your strengths and weaknesses, your independence and social status. It’s knowing that you don’t miss any skill which is necessary for success. Self-esteem gives you the energy and ability to complete the task or work you begin (Self-help brochure). The belief that self-confidence is inherited is the myth. It’s learned. You may feel confidence in one activity, while opposite in the different one. It’s not constant at the same time, it may increase or decrease due to new events happening in life (Radwan, 2006). People who aren’t self-confident depend on the approval of others in order to feel good about themselves. They are risk-averse people, because they are afraid of failure, and so they miss a lot of available opportunities and this fact decreases the chances of success (Self-help brochure). There are a lot of reasons, which cause low self-confidence: wrong upbringing, inferiority complex, perfectionism, negative self-talk, poor self-image (Radwan, 2006). A lot of is depended on parents, how they treat with their children. They have a very important role in developing their child’s self-image. Also they have to teach them, how to estimate each situation. If parents are shouting and fighting because of every minor mistakes (e. g. staining clothes, breaking some things.. ) the result is that child starts thinking that making mistakes is shameful, that others are perfect, who don’t do mistakes and child feels inferiority. Parent should provide acceptance, because if they are too critical and discourage child from independence, child may believe he’s inadequate and inferior. As a result child will suffer from the lack of self-confidence (Self-help brochure). It’s proved that lack of self-confidence is not necessarily related to lack of ability. It is often the result of focusing too much on the unrealistic expectations or standards of others, especially parents and society. Friends influences can be more powerful than those of parents and society in shaping feelings about oneself. Children in their yearly age re-examine their attitudes and values, develop their identities and they often feel pressure from friends (Self-help brochure). Inferiority complex is a disorder that develops as a result of feeling inferior when compared to your peers or friends. This can act as a barrier to building self-confidence and so it is necessary to deal with it first (Radwan, 2006). Another great cause for a lack of self-confidence is being a perfectionist. A perfectionist always sets impossible goals and very high standards that he can never achieve and this causes his confidence to degrade as he fails again and again. They often think I must never make mistakes if I want to be great at what I do (Radwan, 2006). Telling negative words and phrases about you during the normal thinking process degrades the self-esteem as well (Radwan, 2006). It’s necessary to talk about the poor self-image during discussing lack of self-confidence. If you feel that you feel more confident during wearing your best shirt that while you were something else, that the reason of your lack of self-confidence is your poor self-image. Self-image is how you think about yourself: what kind of person you are, how you look, what’s your personal or social status. And poor self-image is when you are unhappy how you look, ou’re very pessimistic and think there is no hope for you (Radwan, 2006). There are a lot of signs which shows if a person suffers from the lack of self-confidence: shyness, aggression, over-sensitivity, attention seeking, self-consciousness, dependence on others, immediately replying on criticism, explaining every mistake and action, becoming a perfectionist and being unreasonably proud. Body language is also talking a lot of about it (UT learning center, 2006). Unconfident people give reasons for every action they do. They think others are perfect and are ashamed of little mistakes. So they try to give explanation to their actions and often are getting in the awkward situation. People with the law self-esteem can’t understand that making mistakes is the right of human and so many excuses aren’t necessary (Radwan, 2006). Everyone has experienced the situation, when you give someone a small critical comment and he returns immediately it but in an aggressive way. That shows that he lacks self confidence. People with high self-esteem listen to their critics and analyze them, if it’s constructive they get them, if not, it doesn’t bother them very much (Radwan, 2006). Some of these people try to hide their inferiority complex by their arrogance. Everyone has his own weak and strong points and it’s not necessary to compensate for these weaknesses. Again, no one is perfect (Radwan, 2006). Body language is one of the trustworthy ways to know if someone feels lack of self-confidence. As usual such people take the defensive position, which means standing (or sitting) with arms folded accompanied by crossing legs. Confident people rarely take this position (Radwan, 2006). Perfectionism is one of the main reasons of lack of self-confidence. They try to do everything perfectly because they consider the world perfect and they become upset when they get 99% instead of 100% (Radwan, 2006). Building self-esteem isn’t difficult if you concentrate and if you have wish. As UT learning center studied for developing self-confidence is necessary to accept yourself as you are, respect yourself, your abilities, your needs, focus on your strengths not on weaknesses, set realistic goals you can reach, develop good self-image and don’t blame others for your own mistakes, and don’t think others are perfect (Self-help brochure). Give yourself the credit for everything you do. Applaud yourself after every success, even if it’s little. Praise yourself for efforts rather than end products (Self-help brochure). Don’t miss a chance because of fear of losing. Important is experience, not winning or losing. Use every opportunity and be risk-lover (Self-help brochure). Use self-talk (not negative self-talk) and often remind yourself that you can’t do everything perfectly and get yourself as you are (Self-help brochure). Try to evaluate yourself independently and objectively, this will reduce your dependence on others attitudes about you. Focus on how you feel about your behavior, work and etc. this will develop your identity and will prevent you from giving your personal power away to others (Self-help brochure). Body language can make others think that you are confident even if you are not. Clasping the hand in front of the stomach, putting your hands behind your back, straight back, making your finger tips touch and walking with wide steps are all signs of self confidence. Clear tone of voice, well structured phrases, and assertive body language shows your high self-esteem (Radwan, 2006). Accept criticism with smile and try to analyze it with your cold mind (Radwan, 2006). Finally, when you are self-confident, you are happy, sure of yourself, highly motivated and have the right attitude to succeed. You feel independent; you don’t depend on others approval and can make decisions without a lot of hesitation. References Are You Singing the Low Self-Esteem Blues? Retrieved January 8, 2008, from http://bipolar. about. com/od/copingresources/a/lowselfesteem. htm Perera, K. (2007). What is Self-esteem? Retrieved January 7, 2008, from more-selfesteem. com/whatisselfesteem. htm Radwan, F. (2006). Poor Self-image and Poor body-image. The Ultimate Source for Self Understanding. Retrieved January 7, 2008, from 2knowmyself. com/self_body_image/poor_self_image

A great place to buy term papers Essays

A great place to buy term papers Essays A great place to buy term papers Essay A great place to buy term papers Essay New customers always ask themselves what is the least they should expect from a term paper writing company. This article provides guidance to customers who are new to a service designed to salvage situations of students who have extremely busy schedules. The least that new customers should expect every time they buy term papers are high quality papers that have been written from scratch. The phrase high quality may have different meanings to different students. On my part, I propose that high quality custom papers are the ones that have been written by strictly following customers instructions. Partial or full mismatch renders custom papers null and void. Additionally, this paper needs to be written, not by trainees, but by writers who have expansive experience in the term paper writing service. Secondly, a new customer should expect a plagiarism free paper. In most cases, experienced writers are knowledgeable enough to fully reference custom papers and thus exonerate students from possible risks of expulsion arising from plagiarized papers. Customers are always free to ask for a plagiarism report. It is worth noting that this report can be charged or it can be offered freely. It is astute to choose a term paper writing service that does not charge anything for plagiarism reports. Thirdly, new customers should expect to be treated fairly by their chosen term paper writing service. By this I mean that customers queries, calls and concerns should be attended to promptly. Additionally, students should understand that every time they buy term papers, completed versions of these term papers should be delivered long before the expiration of their deadline. If all these are not granted, a customer should buy term papers from another term paper writing service provider who delivers on what it promises.

Definition and Examples of Colligative Properties

Definition and Examples of Colligative Properties Colligative Properties Definition Colligative properties are properties of solutions that depend on the number of particles in a volume of solvent  (the concentration) and not on the mass  or identity of the solute particles. Colligative properties are also affected by temperature. Calculation of the properties only works perfectly for ideal solutions. In practice, this means the equations for colligative properties should only be applied to dilute real solutions when a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a volatile liquid solvent. For any given solute to solvent mass ratio, any colligative property is inversely proportional to the molar mass of the solute. The word colligative comes from the Latin word colligatus, which means bound together, referring to how the properties of a solvent are bound to the concentration of solute in a solution. How Colligative Properties Work When a solute is added to a solvent to make a solution, the dissolved particles displace some of the solvent in the liquid phase. This reduces the concentration of the solvent per unit of volume. In a dilute solution, it doesnt matter what the particles are, just how many of them are present. So, for example, dissolving CaCl2 completely would yield three particles (one calcium ion and two chloride ions), while dissolving NaCl would only produce two particles (a sodium ion and a chloride ion). The calcium chloride would have a greater effect on colligative properties than the table salt. This is why calcium chloride is a more effective de-icing agent at lower temperatures than ordinary salt. What Are the Colligative Properties? Examples of colligative properties include  vapor pressure  lowering, freezing point depression, osmotic pressure, and boiling point elevation. For example, adding a pinch of salt to a cup of water makes the water freeze at a lower temperature than it normally would, boil at a higher temperature, have a lower vapor pressure, and changes its osmotic pressure. While colligative properties are generally considered for nonvolatile solutes, the effect also applies to volatile solutes (although it may be harder to calculate). For example, adding alcohol (a volatile liquid) to water lowers the freezing point below that ordinarily seen for either pure alcohol or pure water. This is why alcoholic beverages tend not to freeze in a home freezer. Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation Equations Freezing point depression may be calculated from the equation: ΔT iKfmwhereΔT Change in temperature in  °Ci van t Hoff factorKf   molal freezing point depression  constant or cryoscopic constant in  °C kg/molm molality of the solute in mol solute/kg solvent Boiling point elevation may be calculated from the equation: ΔT Kbm whereKb   ebullioscopic constant (0.52 °C kg/mol for water)m molality of the solute in mol solute/kg solvent Ostwalds Three Categories of Solute Properties Wilhelm Ostwald introduced the concept of colligative properties in 1891. He actually proposed three categories of solute properties: Colligative properties depend only on solute concentration and temperature, not on the nature of the solute particles.Constitutional properties depend on the molecular structure of the solute particles in a solution.Additive properties are the sum of all the properties of the particles. Additive properties are dependent on the molecular formula of the solute. An example of an additive property is mass.

Research and analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research and analysis - Assignment Example One of the limitations is that the outcome of the research is based only on the surveyed businesses. Another limitation is that the participants may not fully understand the survey questions. Consequently, the survey outcomes may not be fully reliable. Uncooperative employee respondents may lead to learning organization failure. Question 3 The research used surveys on each department or group within the organization. The surveys focus on the three learning blocks. The findings are tallied using statistical tools. The findings of one department or group are compared with the findings of other groups or department within the organization. The conclusion generated from the statistical outcomes (Garvin et al., 2008). Question 4 The article generates several conclusive findings (Garvin et al., 2008). Leadership must be coupled with other activities to ensure success in the learning organization. Asking open- ended questions, hearing blame-absent feedbacks, accepting several options (especially opposing views) enhances learning organization’s successes. Next, organizations need tailor made diverse learning organization strategies. Further, comparing the learning organization outputs of different departments or groups will enhance the learning organization’s outputs. Furthermore, learning in the organization has many dimensions. All possible factors that will affect the learning organization must be taken into account. The factors include business processes, people, customers, laws, and other inputs. Question 5 The managers can significantly learn from the article (Garvin et al., 2008). The article discusses the meaning of the learning organization. The learning organization creates new relevant knowledge. Next, the learning

Do you have what it takes to become an effective manager An in-depth Essay

Do you have what it takes to become an effective manager An in-depth self-evaluation - Essay Example nteered to support our activities which involved bush clearing along public roads, clearing drainage systems in our local village as well as helping the aged in tilling their land and landscaping their home compounds for no fee. I also had the privilege of playing leading roles in high school whereby I was assigned the role of a student leader, which was a challenging task as it required restraint as well as rigidity to avoid conflicts with my fellow students and the administration. This is due to the fact that whereas the administration expected me to report and manage the student’s affairs, the students on the other hand expected favoritism, which I could not accept. Due to this exposure to leadership, I developed a strong leadership style that makes me confident of my managerial skills and principles, which I am always guided by whenever I am discharging my duties. Through my training period in Human Resource management as well as my Christian back ground, I have always believed that the employees’ interests are as important as those of the firm I am working for. This is because without them, the firm would not be able to achieve its objective of maximizing profit. To achieve this, I believe that employee motivation should be a policy in the management procedures. Through my experience in Human resource management, I know that different individuals have different motivation factors (Mullins 2007 p 259). As such I am able to apply my skills by ensuring for example that the employees are provided with free transport, training opportunities to expand their knowledge at a subsidized cost, rewarding bonuses to the best performers etc. Whereas these priorities may be argued as to cost more expenses to the firm, the overall benefits that can be reaped are worth it. As a manager, one of my roles is to ensure that there are no conflicts between the employees and the administration (Mullins 2007 p 529). I believe that to achieve this, divide and rule policy should

The issue of regional currency unification Essay

The issue of regional currency unification - Essay Example However, the important and fundamental differences between the European Union and the other regions needs to be viewed critically, because the circumstances obtained in the case of EU with regard to the regional currency unification is significantly different compared to the other regions mainly in terms of political background, level of interactions among the member states, diplomatic relationships, cultural differences, historical political relationships among these countries, the level of maturity and understanding on the part of the various stakeholders with regard to the benefits that might arise out of currency unification. Apart from the economic considerations, which are not insurmountable in any case, the political situations in the different countries in the region both domestically and in relation to the neighboring countries and the leadership issues in these countries could act as a stumbling block in the progress towards regional currency unification. Economic integrati on in the developing world Currency substitution in the backdrop of globalization is the common phenomenon in many countries. US Dollar has been used in several countries outside the US, and Euro outside EU countries simultaneously alongside the local currencies. This practice is prevalent in most of the countries in travel, tourism and hotel industries, where the US Dollar and Euro are accepted freely. There are many full- fledged money changers registered with the centrals banks of various countries doing business around the world, who exchange currencies of a country for currencies of other countries. Currency movements across the borders have substantially increased over the period of time on account of remittances by the nationals residing in foreign countries consequent upon liberalization and globalization of economies. In the integration process of the global economy, absolute control over supply and circulation of money by the state has given way to the unification of regio nal currencies, which may subsequently pave way for common currency for the world as a whole or at the best few currencies. Debates on replacement of national currency with the common currency by all the countries in a specified region, as in the case of Euro, have gathered momentum at regional level in various parts of the globe. For instance, the idea of common currency for SAARC countries (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), ASEAN countries, regional African countries and so on are on conceptual level at various stages. Regional unification of currencies The move towards regional currency regime need not be considered as a surrender of sovereignty by the nations in the unification process. Rather it is a process of coming together by various nations recognizing the need for unification, justified by the benefits of currency unification in the economic development of the constituent countries. According to Cohen (2003, p. 2), the emergence of regional currencies can be regarded as a logical corollary of the intense competitive contest among monies – a Darwinian struggle where, ultimately, only the fittest may survive. The decision of a country with regard to unification of currencies is dependent upon several factors such as size of the economy, stability in the financial markets, and its exposure to international trade, political situation in the country and its diplomatic relationship with the other countries in the

Ardipithecus ramidus paleobiology and comparison with other Essay

Ardipithecus ramidus paleobiology and comparison with other australopithecines - Essay Example The papers presented by the American Association of Advancement of Science (AAAS) provide an in depth analysis of the features of Ardipithecus ramidus as the missing link. The hominid fossils are approximately 4.4 million years old, and present close to 36 fragments, including parts of the skull and the pelvic girdle. The publications cover a number of themes, which include anatomical parts of the human evolution that show that Ardipithecus ramidus dwelt on land could climb trees as well, the habitat occupied by Ardipithecus ramidus based on thousands of fossils excavated at Arima as well as rock components, among others. The skull of Ardipithecus ramidus is of great importance as it enables the establishment of the link between ancient man and the present day man, in terms of brain size and shape of the skull and the face. Suwa et al. (2009) notes that Ardipithecus ramidus had a relatively smaller brain, of between 300 to 350 cubic centimeters, compared to its successor, Australopithecus which had a brain size of about 400cc. This brain size is just about that of female chimpanzees. Suwa et al. further observes that Ardipithecus ramidus had a smaller skull, an indication that it was not adapted to heavy chewing. However, it had a projecting muzzle typical of Sahelonthropus, a fete that gave it an ape-like appearance. Suwa et al further notes that the ridge above its eye socket is slightly different from that observed in chimpanzees, and that the lower part of its face does not project forward as is the case with chimpanzees. In addition, the bottom of the skull of Ar ramidus show that it had a short cranial base, as was the case with Australopithecus. These features point to the fact that despite the small brain Ardipithecus ramidus had, it was already developing hominid-like aspects. Furthermore, Andrea () confirms that even though Ardipithecus ramidus has many apelike features, it has a number of borrowed

What epistemological and practical factors should be considered when Essay

What epistemological and practical factors should be considered when planning a research project. My research project is (Perception of formal and informal care of aging (old) Saudi population) - Essay Example The objective of the research is to investigate the living trends of the aging population and how their care impacts the social arena in Saudi Arabia. The research would require qualitative explanations for them to be able to understand the issue in the social context. For this reason the research epistemology and practical aspects need to be organised. Epistemology refers to the researchers ontology on the existing reality and compares it with theories. Theories have been developed by earlier studies. The researchers epistemology may be different from others or may resemble. It is therefore important to determine the research epistemology which supports the research perspectives. In this research, the epistemology rest on the fact that changing social and economic conditions have given rise to the aging population in Saudi Arabia, which may be explained by empirical research and social theories. According to Bryman (2008) "a theory is an explanation for observed regularities" (p.6) which the researcher uses as stepping stones for his/her own epistemology. For research of the aging population and their perception on kind of care they receive, qualitative approach has been chosen because of social theoretical framework required to explain people’s perception. Research epistemology also largely depends on the underlying adopted methodology, methods, and techniques as well that the researcher chooses for objective evaluation (Love 2001). For this research an interpretivist approach has been chosen. An interpretivist approach is a methodology which involves inquiry of a specific sampling to formulate theories which are grounded to data. In this methodology interviews and focus groups are the preferred method for data collection (Dawson 2007). In this study, theory shall be generated by adopting the qualitative method for which subjective data shall

Analyzing Pro Forma Statements Essay Example for Free

Analyzing Pro Forma Statements Essay Upper management has propositioned the financial analysis team to develop Pro Forma financial statements covering the next five years for the new product line that increases revenue in a similar but slightly different market. (The make-believe company is a restaurant group, the make-believe new product is pizza). The financial statement helps assess the possible financial impacts of pizza. The Pro Forma statements are based on the current year’s (2014) Balance Sheet and Profit/Loss Statement and are projected for an 18% increase in sales each year for the next five years. Analysis for the Pro Forma statement indicates that sales increases from the 2014 mark of $571,379 to $1,307,177 by the end of 2019. Consequently, the projected additional revenue will have the following financial, reflected on the Profit/Loss Statement: Cost of Goods Sold increases by $25,000 per year (pizza is a low cost product after the equipment and license overhead is paid for). Currently COGS is $182,129, after year five the COGS will be $282,129. Therefore projected gross profit will grow to $1,025,048 from $414,250 Wages increase by 12.5% in the first year because of the new hires. Every year after the wage expense increases 2.5% because of merit based raises and bonuses. In 2014 our wage expense is $172,704, by 2019 it will grow to $214,462. Credit Card Fees and Taxes are expected to grow 20% each year because of the additional sales from $14,852 and $17,800 to $37,325 and $44,292 respectively The budget for Supplies, Water/Sewage, Utilities, Repairs and Maintenance will also increase every year by 20% given the additional sales. The following table organizes this data: Net profit is projected to grow from $109,531 to $332,283 by 2019 The Current Assets accounts of Cash, Accounts Receivables, Inventories, Pre-paid Assets, and Other are also projected to increase. Cash is projected to increase from the current amount of $200,000 to $457,552 by the end of 2019. Accounts Receivables will increase from the current amount of $371,379 to $$849,625. Inventory will increase from the current amount of $9,100 to $20,819 by the end of projected period, and Prepaid Assets will climb from $2,500 to $5,816. Total Fixed Assets are not projected to increase, the property and equipment assets associated with Total Fixed assets will depreciate stagnantly by $15,000 over the 5 year projected period. The Asset category, â€Å"Other† will increase from $988 to $2,107. Along with the increase of these asset accounts, the Liabilities Account of Account Payable will increase from $147,179 to $365,682 by the end of 2019. From the prepared Pro Forma projections, expanding the product line to pizza is good for the bottom line. Net Profit will increase by approximately 322%  and Cash is projected to increase by 228%. The additional retained earnings over the five year period from the pizza line can be used to finance the project. In other words, by applying the retained earnings from the pizza line project back into the company we can finance the project in-house. References: Parrino, R., Kidwell, D. S, Bates, T.W. (2012). Fundamentals of corporate finance (2nd ed). Hoboken NJ: Wiley.

Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica MCM-41

Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica MCM-41 Results and Discussions The present study included the synthesis of mesoporous silica MCM-41 and its modification by impregnation of different metals on the mesoporous to enhance the photocatalytic activity of metals i.e Cu/MCM-41, Fe/MCM-41, CeO2/MCM-41. FTIR analysis of catalyst MCM-41 has the ability to impregnate numerous metals on its surface. MCM-41 was modified with metal salts in order to dope the metals on the surface of mesoporous material was characterized by FTIR analysis. The FT-IR spectra furnished the information about the incorporation of metals on the surface of MCM-41. The FT-IR spectra of synthesized material in the region of 4000 400 cm-1 in transmission mode using platinium ATR, a single reflection sampling module spectrophotometr, and shown in Fig. 5. The uncalcined MCM41 and calcined MCM41 spectra (Fig. 5A. a, b) show intense band at wavenumber 1100 and 802 cm-1 which accounts for the asymmetric and symmetric stretching of the Si-O-Si bonds, respectively.[i] The bands at 970 cm-1 and 460 cm-1 was assigned to the stretching and bending vibrations of surface Si-O- groups respectively.[ii] The sharp peaks at 2864.72cm-1 and 2922.14 cm-1 were due to the presence of surfactant before calcinations of MCM-41.[iii] For calcined MCM41, the bands at 2852 cm-1 and 2921 cm-1 corresponding to the long chain of alkyl group of the surfactant molecules were disappeared after calcination shows the completely removal of surfactants molecules. The differences of the intensities of the peaks in the FT-IR spectra of MCM-41 and MCM-41/ CeO2, are abserved which resulted from the doping of CeO2. A strong absorption peak at 1,632 cm−1 is observed in the spectra of MCM-41/CeO2, and it indicates the formation of Ce-O-Ce.[iv] About copper and iron also add TGA analysis of MCM-41: XRD analysis of MCM-41: Photocatalytic studies by using the metal dopped MCM-41: The metal dopped MCM-41 was studied for the photocatalytic degradation of commonly used pharmaceutics including salts of diclofenac (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NAID)) and atorvastatin (antihyper lipoproteinemic drug). For this purpose the solutions od these drugs were prepared and degradation potential of metal dopped mesoporous silicate was studied by optimizing various parameters i.e the amount of catalyst, the pH, the light, substrate concentration, metal loading on MCM-41. Effect of pH The interaction between the pharmaceutics and metal dopped mesoporous are dependent on the pH of the solution therefore the optimization of pH is important to achieve maximum degradation efficiency. During the present study, the degradation process was optimized by changing the pH from 3.5 to 10.5 over 10 wt% M/MCM-41(M= Cu, Fe, Ce) with 1 g l_1 of 0.114 mM drug solution. The pH of the pharmaceutic solution is adjusted with 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M NaOH. The results obtained are shown in Fig. 3d. At acidic pH, the rate of degradation is faster as compared to high and neutral pH. The results clearly show that acidic pH is ideal for the degradation of the pharmaceutics. Effect of light intensity on degradation of pharmaceutic: The photolysis of pharmaceutic was studied under UV irradiation and dark. The log natural decay curves (In Ct/Co) of pharmaceutic versus irradiation time were displayed in (Fig. 3-5). The data for dark control samples were also elaborated in Fig. 6. Photodegradation of diclofenac sodium and atorvastatin under UV light in distilled water and methanol respectively were determined during the summer season (March-september) as displayed in Fig.3. The determined half life of 50 ppm diclofenac sodium in distilled water under UV light was 2.5h and in dark it was observed as 3 h. The rate of reaction varied from 2.8Ãâ€"10-3 to 2.3Ãâ€"10-3 when pharmaceutic was shifted from UV light to dark. Effect of metal loading on MCM-41 The effect of metal loading over MCM-41 on the photocatalytic activity is investigated and the results are shown in Fig. 2a. The degradation studies are carried out with increase of metal (wt%)5, 10 and 15 using 1 g l_1 of catalyst amount in 50 ml pharmaceutics solution. It is observed that 5–10 wt% increase in metal loadings, the photocatalytic activity increases and there is not much degradation rate at higher loadings. Among all the catalysts, 10 wt% M/MCM- 41 (M= Cu, Fe and Ce) showed most efficient photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutics i.e., complete degradation within 90 min. The loss in the activity with increase in metal percent loading is due to the excess amount of metal oxide dispersed over MCM-41 that blocks the mesopores results a decrease in adsorption capacity. The turbidity of the solution also blocks penetration of light into the solution. Thus, the metal loading over the support clearly shows that one has to optimize the metal content, simultaneously re taining the active sites for adsorption in order to achieve the effective synergism. Effect of catalyst amount To optimize the amount of catalyst required for effective pharmaceutic photocatalytic degradation, different catalyst amounts (0.25–1.5 g l_1) are studied with 10 wt% M/MCM-41 and the results are shown in Fig. 3a. It is observed that 1.0 g l_1 is found to be the optimum. By increasing 0.25– 1.0 g l_1, the photocatalytic activity is increased and at higher contents the activity is not beneficial. This may be due to the fact that higher amount of the catalyst is obstructing the path of light penetration into the solution (i.e., scattering of light) thus reducing the OH radicals formation. Effect of substrate concentration The effect of 0.094, 0.1571 and 0.2829 mM pharmaceutics concentrations are performed over 10 wt% M/MCM-41 catalyst with 1 g l_1 amount for degradation. From Fig. 3b, it is observed that at lower concentrations, the adsorption is more compared to higher concentrations. There is a slight difference in degradation at 0.094, 0.1571 mM concentrations in comparison to 0.2829 mM. Also, it is acknowledged that the degradation is solely depends on the OH radical formation. The production of OH radicals is not sufficient in comparison to the amount of pharmaceutic adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalyst at higher concentrations. In view of this it suggests that, there should be equilibrium between adsorption of reactant molecules and OH radicals generated from the active sites. The 0.1571 mM concentration of pharmaceutic is found to be optimum for 10 wt% M/MCM-41 catalyst using 1 g l_1 amount. The experimental kinetic data are presented in Fig. 3c (inset) and in Table 1, along with time r equired for 50% degradation (t1/2) for each of the fitted lines. The degradation rate of pharmaceutic is decreased while increasing the concentration. The rate constant ‘k’ decreases with increase in initial concentration of drug. The effect of initial concentration of pharmaceutic on the photocatalytic degradation rate is described by pseudo-first order kinetics. The apparent rate constant for 0.114 mM IPU over 10 wt% TiO2/Al-MCM- 41 catalyst is 0.072 min_1 (R2 = 0.994). In the present investigation, 0.1571 mM concentration is found to be the optimum for degradation studies. [i] E.M. Flanigen, H. Khatami, H.A. Szymanski, (1971), Infrared structural studies of zeolite frameworks. In: E.M. Flanigen, L.B. Sand (Eds.). Molecular Sieve Zeolites. ACS Adv. Chem. Ser., 101: pp 201-227. [ii] E.M. Flanigen, H. Khatami, H.A. Szymanski, (1971), Infrared structural studies of zeolite frameworks. In: E.M. Flanigen, L.B. Sand (Eds.). Molecular Sieve Zeolites. ACS Adv. Chem. Ser., 101: pp 201-227. [iii] Taib, I.N., Endud, S., Katun, M.N Functionalization of mesoporous Si-MCM-41 by grafting with trimethylchlorosilane, International journal of chemistry, 3: 3(2011). [iv] Song, X, Qu, P, Jiang, N, Yang, H, Qiu, G: Synthesis and characterization of MCM-41 materials assembled with CeO2 nanoparticles. Coll. Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 313–314, 193–196 (2008)

Causes Of The Pelopenesian War Essay -- essays research papers

The Causes of the Peloponessian War   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ancient Greece during the 4th century B.C. was home to the city-states of Sparta and Athens. These two communities were the superpowers of the region during that time. The peloponnesian war between these two states evolved out of a string of events that would lead to years of conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When looking for a single cause of the peloponnesian war none can be found. Over time many events contributed to the eventual war between Sparta and Athens. I believe the peloponnesian war evolved because of Athenian support for Spartan enemies, Spartan alarm at a rise in Athenian power, and the drastic differences between the two cultures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 435 B.C., Corcyra, a Corinthian colony declared itself independent of Corinth. Corinth responded by sending a fleet to reduce the rebelling island city. In fear Corcyra appealed to Athens for help and swayed by the Corcyrain diplomats, the Athenians sent military aid. A battle took place, in which the navies of Corcyra and Athens fought against those of Corinth. Sparta, who was allied with Corinth and relied upon it as a source of income, saw the Athenian support of the Corcyrain rebels as an act of aggression against the peloponnesian league (Sparta and her allies). The alliance made between Athens and Corcyra was also viewed as a violation of the peace treaty of 445 B.C. between the peloponnesian league and the Athenian league. Athens ignored all Spartan protest about its involvement in the Corcyrain campaign. Further feud was created between Sparta and Athens in 432 B.C. in Potidaea. Potidaea was a city that was tributary to Athens but Co rinthian in blood. Tired of paying tribute to Athens the citizens of Potidaea attempted to expel the Athenian power. Athens’ soldiers besieged the city and once again Athenians were battling Corinthians. Corinth, aiding the people of Potidaea faced an embargo by Athens. Enraged by this act Sparta appealed the Athenians to end the embargo, but was ignored. Sparta conviened the peloponnesian council and Greece moved one step closer to the peloponnesian war. It could be argued that Sparta and Athens were already preparing for war with each other and that the support of their allies’ wars against each other was not a direct cause of the war but si... ...led to a natural distrust between the two cultures. Pericles, the Athenian ruler before and during the Peloponessian war once compared the â€Å"living force of Athenian freedom with the dead hand of Spartan tyranny†. Thucydides once quoted a Spartan describing the Athenians; â€Å" The Athenians are addicted to innovation, and their designs are characterized by swiftness alike in conception and execution; you have a genius for keeping what you have got, accompanies by a total want of invention, and when forced to act you never go far enough. Again they are adventurous beyond their power, and daring beyond their judgement †¦Ã¢â‚¬  These two quotes show a clear dislike between the two peoples. The two superpowers, so different in culture could not avoid conflict, conflict that eventually resulted in the peloponnesian war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The roots of the peloponessian war can be traced back to many specific instances but on the most part three main elements caused its rise; Sparta’s anger at Athenian aid to Spartan enemies, Spartan fear of Athenian power, and the hostility and mistrust caused by the radical differences between the two societies. The peloponnesian war was inevitable.

Life on Mars as a human :: essays research papers

"PLANET MARS, POPULATION 13,000", says the sign at the entrance of Mars, a "blink-and-you'll-miss-it" dot on the map of the solar system. It's a perfect story book planet: only six sets of traffic lights for our hover cars, a main street where you can say hello to any of the friendly, talkative beings nearby, lots of blazing rocks and a beautiful big canyon with an over-looking red sky. One thing a person from the planet would notice instantly, aside from the abundance of red rock and my planet's obsession with leaning buildings, is the fact that people of different races, other than green, stand out like flashing lights in a dark sky. See, the thing with Mars is the percentage of green beings is roughly 95 per cent. Don't get me wrong; in principle, there's nothing wrong with that. I'm just stating the facts. Given that my mother is Human and my father is from Uranus, however, I really stood out in Mars. For someone so physically and culturally distinctive, you may think that a small planet would be terrible to live in. But, for me, the experience was the total opposite. I never acknowledged my racial difference because no one else did. The only times I felt slightly out of place or uncomfortable was during discussions about different cultures at school. I'd always have this feeling that everyone was thinking about me and looking at me, wondering if I lived like the people we were discussing or not. To make myself feel better, I just thought of it as flattery. As their only real life subject, they could feel free to ask me questions. In my experience, being a minority is only a negative thing if you allow it to be. I didn't try to be someone I wasn't, so my race never did matter. Many people have blamed a lot of their problems on racism, stereotypes, and discrimination. Unfortunately, there are times when that is the reason. In some cases, however, people make it into a reason. They become so obsessed with the thought that anyone who is 'this' or 'that' is the problem. I have three words for them, just drop it. Stop making more problems, we already have enough. Sometimes the solar system would be better off colour blind. At times, I have been called an ‘apple,' green on the outside and white on the inside.

Autobiographical Narrative: Draft

Title: The Raintree parade, Double space and indent paragraphs It’s early Monday morning; I stretch my arms wide, and yawn as I struggle to pull myself out of bed. I look over at the clock, Gasp! It’s already 8:30†¦ I run around as if I’m a lunatic, and I hop around and put my pants, shirt and shoes on. I hear my mom yell from down stairs, â€Å"James, are you up yet?! † I yell back â€Å"In a minute mom! † Begin a new paragraph each time a new person speaks. So I rush out of my bedroom and past the bathroom in a rush, the sound of my backpack flapping against my back fills the empty hallway.As I run down the steps I’m sure to skip every other one to save time, and its just plain fun to see how many steps you can skip. I grab my breakfast, and lunch of the counter just before I yell goodbye to everyone. You see, my family consists of Me James, my mother Susan, My father Ricky, and my little sister Olivia. Yep that’s my family and most of the time if you asked me I indeed would change them for the world. Would or wouldn’t change them? Just as I get to the bus stop, to my shock, it pulls up.I try to calm myself by saying everything will be ok under my breath, â€Å"Here I go, another day of school it’ll be ok you can do it James† I climb aboard the chaotic bus, and look into the faces of what seemed like 1000 eyes staring me down. So I scan for a seat I can use, carefully though if you pick the wrong one you could end up a black eye or laughed at by the entire school, that’s my favorite of the two by the way. To my surprise I make it to class alive for another day. Just as I take my seat in class the teacher takes attendance.She calls out everyone’s name. And after that comes the announcements, she tells us that the Raintree parade is coming next week. She goes on to tell us that our class must get in groups and work together on a float. It’s time to get in pairs and g o to the gym where we will be assigned jobs for the float. She tells us our partners she says â€Å"Philip and Hmm†¦Abby, Brian and Sarah, Milton and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  At that point I am yelling out in my head â€Å"Don’t say James, don’t say James, don’t say James† And, she says James.It’s no big shock I get paired up with the nerdiest kid in the world. He walks up to me and in a nasally voice he says â€Å"Hey James, ready to get started? † There’s no way I want to start on this with you is what I was thinking but out loud I say, of course. Let’s do this! So we walk over to the gym in what was supposed to be a single file line. One at a time we†¦ This is a great start. I hope you get a chance to finish it by the time you turn in your final draft. Remember to indent a begin a new paragraph each time a new person speaks when writing dialogue.